Business and Public Administration Studies

Editorial

Mark M. Michalski — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Contemporary road safety challenges and countermeasures: A case study of the traffic Police in Skarżysko-Kamienna and Kielce

Paulina Piwowarczyk — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the role of the traffic police in enhancing road safety and evaluates the effectiveness of the preven-tive and enforcement measures implemented in Skarżysko Kamienna and Kielce. Based on a comprehensive survey of both officers and residents, as well as an analysis of statistical data, the research examines public perceptions of traffic safety, identifies key threats, and outlines potential areas for improvement. Findings reveal a generally positive view of police activities, alongside notable concerns about limited patrol presence and outdated infrastructure. The study con-cludes with targeted recommendations aimed at enhancing operational efficiency and road user safety.

Animation as a tool for personal development and team integration: exploring synergy and a theoretical research framework

Jarosław W. Przybytniowski — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of personal development animation on the process of work team integration. Despite its growing use in management practice, this phenomenon remains underexplored in academic lit-erature. This theoretical paper is based on a review of existing literature to propose a research framework. The analysis shows that purpose-built animation activities can enhance engagement, communication, and collaboration within a group, thereby contributing to more effective team integration. The findings indicate that animation can be an effective tool for supporting developmental processes in the workplace, particularly in the context of building cohesive, integrated teams.

Maintenance of urban green areas by the municipal and housing management company in Sandomierz Ltd. – An analysis based on GUS data from 2019–2023

Kacper Kwitek — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Facing urbanization challenges, climate change, and growing ecological awareness, proper management of green areas has become a priority for local authorities. In cities like Sandomierz, rich in tourist attractionst appeal, green spaces additionally enhance the attractiveness of public areas.
Ongoing demographic growth and intensified urbanization are making it increasingly difficult to introduce new green spaces in Polish cities. Currently, greater importance is placed on acquiring land for residential and commercial develop-ment.
In Poland, the maintenance of urban green areas is often the responsibility of local government units or specialized municipal service companies. In the case of Sandomierz, these tasks are carried out by the Municipal and Housing Man-agement Company in Sandomierz Ltd. An analysis of changes in the extent of urban green areas in recent years allows for an assessment of the effectiveness of maintenance and development efforts and highlights current challenges in this field.

Concepts of employee suggestions in business management – an interpretative approach

Michał A. Leśniewski — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study presents the issue of employee suggestion systems as a tool supporting innovation and organizational im-provements, presenting their approach in business management. The author points out that suggestion systems are not only a mechanism for collecting and implementing employee ideas, but also an expression of a specific management phi-losophy based on participation, shared responsibility, and building an organizational culture based on trust, using the unconventional thinking of employees. The perspective presented in the study provides a better understanding of the social and cultural functions of suggestion systems as a tool for strengthening organizational identity, employee engagement, and co-creation of organizational value. An effective suggestion system requires the integration of tool-based solutions with the appropriate shaping of an organizational culture that fosters knowledge sharing and collaboration.

How is the green transition changing the criteria for evaluating investment in SMEs?

Paweł Dziekański, Grzegorz Drozdowski — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Driven by the climate crisis and the EU Green Deal, the global green transition is redefining investment appraisal criteria for SMEs, shifting the focus from traditional net present value to the integration of environmental, social, and governance factors. The aim of this study is to identify changes in the investment appraisal criteria for small and medium-sized enterprises resulting from the green transition. Using a modified Net Present Value analysis incorporating the Green Transformation Index (constructed using the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution methods). The study confirms the cost-effectiveness of investments in sustainability, especially over the longer time horizon, where the green transformation index often reinforces positive net present value results, signaling lower risk. The implication is that SMEs should proactively implement green solutions to build competitive advantage, reduce costs, and improve reputation for long-term sustainability and growth.

The use of means of direct coercion in the light of complaint procedures, investigative actions and disciplinary proceedings condusted by the Municipal Police Headquarters in Kielce in 2018-2022

Robert Matysik — Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

While carrying out statutory tasks in the form of patrol and intervention activities, convoying or investigation and operational activities, police officers encounter various types of crimes and manifestations of aggression. They are often subjected to pressure of various intensity, which in some cases contributes to improper performance of their duties and breaking the law.
The scale of this problem was decided to be analysed on the basis of the number of complaint proceedings, explanatory actions and disciplinary proceedings conducted in the Kielce Municipal Police Headquarters. Attention was paid to the manner in which they were concluded, the type of coercive measures used and the dynamics of violations of the law. An attempt was made to clarify the factors influencing non-compliance with the use of such measures and an area for further research was identified.
The basis for the analysis was statistical data from 2018 to 2022, obtained on the basis of the provisions on access to public information. The information was subjected to interpretation and conclusions were developed, indicating emerging trends. The results were supplemented with data from laws and source literature.